ᚱ~ᚢ    (this is probably a part of a larger phenomenon, including BC, BD and TV and MϺ could be all part of the same bd divergence (those unlikely links are all between labial and lingual, so naturally there's som similarity between them))

Russian П is P, russian Р is R (which begs the question, was it a farting sound?)

Futhark can be read as alphabet only if ᚱ~ᚢ

The letters are very symilar in graphic. But on the other hand is do ᛁ and ᛋ look similar to me?
In hungarian s looks like 𐲥 and in turkic as 𐰾.
𐲭 is hungarian ü:
 𐰇 is orhkon ö, ü (yenisei 𐰈)
but on the other hand, 𐱆 is enisei t', 𐰻 is enisei r, 𐰵 is enisei q.



stryx? I looked at this word before. I don't remember it was because of how alphabetuic it is.
r is not on it's place, but then NL in IMNL, and ᚱ~ᚢ case, this here brought me to build this file, what is above it is why I noticed their similarity before.



ᛦᛁᚱ [yir] yew
and yes that yew thing rings about ᚱ~ᚢ



Wednesday seen as Wedness day made it day of weddings,



Thinkin of how water rotates, it made me think of water as of rotor (and since what time do we know how to use water as a source of power?)


girl
дeva    (such ancient cognate that it can be seen only in writing (as russian со and english co)
the common ground between deva and girl is doll (boy is of бой, and boy differs from fight too)


dutch of is or


брать давать (this pair equates р[r] and в[v])
(но драть и давать антонимы, драть ближе к брать)
(но дарить и давать синонимы)


over ~ above

ΡGR[r]~PLA[p]  (in the way that p[p]~f~v: v~f~pLA[p]~[r]ρGR)


R = 100 = 𓍢  (https://www.youtube.com/@EgyptoAlphaNumerics)
(he doesn't give any proof of his words, but the way 𓍢 reminds ρ deserved it being mentioned here)



мантра ~ молитва


Ovis ~ Aries
but Grok disagrees:
(before that it said no on the basis of PIE)
>Forget of PIE theory and speak from actual data, please.

Apologies for leaning on Proto-Indo-European (PIE) theory—let’s focus on actual historical and linguistic data from documented languages and sources.
Are Ovis and Aries Cognates Based on Historical Data?
Direct Evidence from Latin and Related Languages:
Ovis:
In Latin, ovis is documented as meaning "sheep" (a general term for the animal, often referring to a ewe). It appears in classical texts like Pliny the Elder’s Naturalis Historia (1st century CE), where ovis is used to describe sheep in agricultural contexts (e.g., Book 8, on livestock).

In related Italic languages, we see similar forms:
Oscan (an ancient Italic language): uef (attested in inscriptions like the Tabula Bantina, ca. 100 BCE), meaning "sheep," shows a phonetic shift but a clear connection to ovis.

Umbrian (another Italic language): uef (seen in the Iguvine Tablets, ca. 200 BCE), also meaning "sheep."

In later Romance languages, ovis didn’t directly survive as a common word for "sheep," but its influence is seen in scientific terminology (e.g., the genus name Ovis for sheep in modern taxonomy, established by Linnaeus in 1758).

Aries:
In Latin, aries means "ram" (specifically a male sheep) and is used in texts like Virgil’s Georgics (ca. 29 BCE), where it describes rams in farming contexts (e.g., Book 3, on animal husbandry).

The term also appears in astrological contexts, as in the constellation Aries (the Ram), mentioned by Ptolemy in the Almagest (2nd century CE).

In related Italic languages, there’s less direct evidence for aries, but Latin’s closest relatives don’t show a similar form for "ram." For example, Oscan and Umbrian use different words for male animals, like ber (Oscan for "boar"), with no clear match for aries.

In Romance languages, aries also doesn’t survive as a common term for "ram." Instead, words like Italian montone (from Latin multo, meaning "wether" or castrated sheep) or Spanish carnero (from Latin caro, "meat") take over.

Cross-Linguistic Comparison:
In other ancient languages from the same period, we see distinct terms for "sheep" and "ram":
Ancient Greek: "sheep" is ὄϊς (óis), which is phonetically and semantically close to Latin ovis (both mean "sheep" in general). For "ram," Greek uses κριός (kriós), which has no phonetic similarity to aries or óis.

Sanskrit (from the Rigveda, ca. 1200 BCE): "sheep" is áviḥ (again, close to ovis), while "ram" is meṣa (no relation to aries).

Old Persian (Achaemenid inscriptions, ca. 500 BCE): "sheep" is avika, similar to ovis, but "ram" isn’t directly attested in the same corpus.

Conclusion from Data: Based on attested words in Latin, Italic languages, and other contemporary languages (Greek, Sanskrit, Old Persian), ovis and aries don’t share a common root. Ovis consistently appears in forms meaning "sheep" across related languages (uef in Oscan/Umbrian, óis in Greek, áviḥ in Sanskrit), while aries lacks a clear parallel in these languages for "ram." The words are semantically related (both about sheep), but their forms and usage show they aren’t derived from the same root.
Connection to Runes ᚱ (raido) and ᚢ (uruz) Based on Historical Data?
Runes and Their Meanings:
The Elder Futhark (used ca. 150–700 CE in Germanic-speaking regions) is the earliest runic alphabet, with ᚱ and ᚢ as two of its characters:
ᚱ (raido): Represents the sound "r." Its name is recorded in the Old English Rune Poem (ca. 8th–9th century) as rād, meaning "ride" or "journey." Inscriptions, like those on the Kylver Stone (Sweden, ca. 400 CE), use ᚱ in words like runaR ("runes").

ᚢ (uruz): Represents the sound "u." Its name is recorded in the Old English Rune Poem as ūr, meaning "aurochs" (a type of wild cattle). On the Vadstena bracteate (Sweden, ca. 500 CE), ᚢ appears in sequences like alu (a magical formula, possibly meaning "ale" or "protection").

Graphic Similarity:
In Elder Futhark inscriptions (e.g., the Kylver Stone or the Vadstena bracteate), ᚱ is typically written as a slanted "R" shape (⟐), and ᚢ as a "U" or "V" shape (⟟). While some inscriptions show slight variations due to carving styles—e.g., a more rounded ᚱ on the Charnay Fibula (France, ca. 6th century)—the shapes remain distinct. There’s no historical evidence from runic artifacts that ᚱ and ᚢ were considered graphically similar or interchangeable.

Connection to Ovis and Aries:
Neither ovis nor aries appears in runic inscriptions, as runes were used by Germanic-speaking peoples, while ovis and aries are Latin terms from the Italic branch.
The Germanic word for "sheep" is seen in Old English ēowu (ewe, ca. 8th century, in texts like Beowulf), which is phonetically unrelated to ovis but shares a similar meaning. In runes, this would be written as something like ᛖᛟᚹᚢ (e-o-w-u), using ᚢ for "u," but not involving ᚱ.

The Germanic word for "ram" is Old English ramm (from Beowulf, ca. 1000 CE), which does use the "r" sound (ᚱ in runes), but there’s no connection to aries in form or meaning beyond the shared "r" sound.

In Old Norse (a Germanic language using the Younger Futhark, ca. 800–1200 CE), "sheep" is sauðr and "ram" is hrútr. These are written in runes (e.g., on the Rök Stone, Sweden, ca. 800 CE), but again, there’s no link to ovis or aries.

Conclusion from Data: There’s no direct evidence in runic inscriptions, Germanic languages, or Latin texts that ᚱ (raido) and ᚢ (uruz) are graphically or semantically tied to ovis or aries. The runes’ shapes are distinct in historical carvings, and their meanings ("ride" and "aurochs") don’t align with "sheep" or "ram." The "r" in aries and raido is coincidental, as the words aren’t related in Germanic or Latin sources.
Summary:
From historical texts and inscriptions: Ovis and Aries aren’t cognates. Ovis has parallels in Italic languages (uef) and beyond (óis in Greek), while aries stands alone with no clear matches for "ram" in related languages.

From runic artifacts and Germanic records: ᚱ and ᚢ aren’t graphically similar, and their meanings don’t connect to ovis or aries. Germanic words for "sheep" and "ram" (ēowu, ramm, sauðr, hrútr) don’t bridge to Latin terms in any documented way.

If you’d like to explore more data from specific texts or inscriptions, let me know!


















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